***2015 UPDATE***
This blog post is now old news. See instead my post What is material change?
—- OLD POST —-
The recently released USCIS EB-5 training materials include a couple pages (207-208 of pdf #1) addressing the question of what constitutes material change. The training material (which appears to predate the 2009 Neufeld memo and concept of “material change” at the I-829 stage) focuses on changes in the RFE context. The training emphasizes that the I-526 petition should present the business plan and investment terms clearly and completely, and that RFE responses are not supposed to contradict the I-526 info in any “material” way.
A petitioner must establish eligibility at the time of filing. The petition may not be approved at a future date after the petitioner becomes eligible under a new set of facts. See Matter of Katigbak, 14 I&N Dec. 45,49 (Comm. 1971). Therefore, a petitioner may not make a material change to a petition that has already been filed in an effort to make an apparently deficient petition conform to Service requirements.
– Note that the facts in place at the time of filing are important. In other words, the financial arrangements and other related factors which make a petition approvable need to be in effect when the petition is filed. It is common for the alien to be alerted to deficiencies in the petition through an RFE and to attempt to correct them. If such changes are material, the petition may need to be denied. The judgment of whether the change is material is up to the adjudicating officer. However, a material change is usually one which reflects a substantial alteration in circumstances on which the Service is relying in making its decision.
– EXAMPLES:
An alien files a Form I-526 on June 1,2008, based on a$400,000 investment. In response to an RFE, the alien provides proof of the remaining required amount being invested on July 15, 2008. Is this a material change? – Yes, this is a material change.
-An alien files a Form 1-526 with an arrangement for half of the capital to be paid back to him as a guaranteed return. In response to an RFE, he declares the arrangement null and void. Is this a material change? – Yes, this is a material change.
– An alien files a Form 1-526 and invests $1,000,000 in a business that is planning to operate a Chinese restaurant. In the RFE, it is revealed that the business has decided to operate a Peruvian restaurant instead. Is this a material change? – No, this is not a material change.
Here are a few additional examples that I culled from the AAO decisions on cases last year involving Capital Area Regional Center Job Fund (“CARc”) and Philadelphia Industrial Development Corporation (“PIDC”) and changes between the I-526 and I-829 filings. In each case, the change was judged to be “material.”
Change to project specifications and location
-PIDC changed from investing in the expansion of a home improvement seller to investing in the development of a new restaurant
Change in use of EB-5 funds
-CARc changed from letter of credit to be released after completion of construction to cash released to the project’s capital account
– CARc changed from using funds for development costs only to development costs plus purchase of property
– PIDC stated funds would be used for expansion costs such as equipment, inventory buildup, working capital and in fact used funds to refinance an existing mortgage
The theorists and policy-makers among you will want to review an in-depth article related to material change posted at ilw.com by Joseph Whalen, a former adjudicator. See: The Concepts of “Reasonable Reliance” vs. “Deference to Prior Decisions” in EB-5.